1 Samuel 20:8

Authorized King James Version

Therefore thou shalt deal kindly with thy servant; for thou hast brought thy servant into a covenant of the LORD with thee: notwithstanding, if there be in me iniquity, slay me thyself; for why shouldest thou bring me to thy father?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְעָשִׂ֤יתָ
Therefore thou shalt deal
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#2
חֶ֙סֶד֙
kindly
kindness; by implication (towards god) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) beauty
#3
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#4
עַבְדְּךָ֖
thy servant
a servant
#5
כִּ֚י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#6
בִּבְרִ֣ית
into a covenant
a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)
#7
יְהוָ֔ה
of the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#8
תְבִיאֵֽנִי׃
for thou hast brought
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
#9
אֶֽת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#10
עַבְדְּךָ֖
thy servant
a servant
#11
עִמָּ֑ךְ
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
#12
וְאִם
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
#13
יֶשׁ
with thee notwithstanding if there be
there is or are (or any other form of the verb to be, as may suit the connection)
#14
בִּ֤י
H0
#15
עָוֹן֙
in me iniquity
perversity, i.e., (moral) evil
#16
הֲמִיתֵ֣נִי
slay
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
#17
אַ֔תָּה
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
#18
וְעַד
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
#19
אָבִ֖יךָ
H1
me to thy father
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
#20
לָמָּה
properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and
#21
זֶּ֥ה
the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that
#22
תְבִיאֵֽנִי׃
for thou hast brought
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

Analysis

The covenant theme here intersects with God's relationship with His people from Abraham through the new covenant. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of evolution from creation covenant through Abrahamic, Mosaic, Davidic, to new covenant. The phrase emphasizing covenant contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's relational commitment from Noah to the new covenant.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of covenant within the theological tradition of 1 Samuel Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes covenant in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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